Types of Transistor / Mosfet in details

What is a Transistor/Mosfet?

1- Transistor Definition

A transistor is a semiconductor device that can be used to conduct in one hand and insulate electric current or voltage in other hand. Basically a transistor acts as an amplifier and as a switch. we can say that it is used to control and regulate the flow of current or electronic signals.

To say the truth, Transistors are one of the very important components in all electronic boards and devices that exist.

It was developed in 1947 by Walter Brattain, John Bardeen, and Shockley William . They considered the transistor as one of the most important components in science history exactly like diode and resistance.

We will see in this topic :

1-Transistor working principle

2 -Types of Transistors

3- Advantages of Transistor

4- Limitations of a Transistor

As you know a transistor is composed of 03 terminals which serve to make a connection with any external device by carrying the current signal.

A current or simply a voltage that is applied to a transistor serve to monitors the current flow transistor terminals.

The three terminals of the transistor are :

- Emitter: the negative (-) terminal of the transistor.

- Base: control terminal for the transistor (serve to activate it).

- The Collector: positive (+) terminal of the transistor.

2 - Transistor working principle:

the working principle of any transistor is based on monitoring and controlling the flow of electric current between two terminals by varying the value of intensity that is applied to the base lead .

As we said before. The transistor can be used any many places in Electronics. It can serve us as an amplifier as well as its use as a switch.

3 -Types of Transistors

There are many types of transistors as you know.

- Junction Transistors

Junction Transistors or Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) means it contain two junctions PN junction. BJT transistors are classified as PNP and NPN transistors.

It has 03 terminals named:

Emitter (E)

Collector (C)

Base (B)

BJT working principal

If small amount of electric current is flow to the base terminal of a BJT transistor, it causes a flow of very large electric current between other two ends collector to emitter or emitter to collector, because of low input impedance that exist between this leads of the transistor.

- Types of junction transistors

PNP Transistor

NPN Transistor

FET (Field Effect Transistor)

JFET (Junction-Field Effect Transistor)

N–Channel JFET

P–Channel JFET

- MOSFET

The Mosfet is an abbreviation of Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor, it is generally used in all electronic circuit.

The Mosfet has many uses and advantages, it gives low output impedance and high input impedance,it is also used in switching systems especially in motherboards that contains integrated circuits.

The MOSFET types are :

N-Channel MOSFET transistor

P–Channel MOSFET transistor

4- Transistor Advantages:

Smaller sensitivity.

Lower cost

small size.

Fast switching.

Better efficiency.

Low operating voltage.

long life.

Low power consumption.

Used in developments of integrated circuits.

5- Transistors limitations

Transistors have also few limitations.

It can be easily damaged when electrical current is not in its level.

Some issues due to electron mobility.

It can be affected by rays and radiation.

6- MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor)

The MOSFET transistor is a device that is used for switching and for the amplification purposes of electronic devices. It is an integrated circuit that it is fabricated in a single chip because it is available in very small dimensions.

The MOSFET device has brought a very big change in the field of switching in electronics. In other side, a MOSFET is a four-terminal electronic device: source(S), gate (G) and drain. (D). The body of the MOSFET transistor is connected directly to the the source terminal, with tree-terminal device.

It is generally considered as a Mosfet transistor that is utilized in both the digital and analog circuits.

The Mosfet is controlled by a small voltage applicated on its gate, that is located in between other terminals, the source S and the drain D.

Types of Transistor / Mosfet in details